Hurricane Research
Christopher Fogarty B.Sc, D.Met., M.Sc, Ph.D.
Canadian Hurricane Center / Atlantic Storm Prediction Center /
National Lab for Marine and Coastal Meteorology
Hurricane Michael (2000) Storm Summary and Forecast Verification Report

Christopher T. Fogarty, Meteorological Service of Canada

Complete Document (pdf)

Links to the Figures:
Part I  Fig1 | Fig2 | Fig3 | Fig4 | Fig5 | Fig6 | Fig7 | Fig8Fig9 | Fig10a | Fig10b | Fig11a | Fig11b | Fig12 | Fig13

Part II  Fig1 | Fig 2 | Fig3
Case Study of Hurricane Karen (2001)
Christopher T. Fogarty, Meteorological Service of Canada
Report (pdf)

Figures from the report:
   
CAPPI and Doppler Imagery from XGO
   
Track Map
   
Surface Analysis (1200 UTC 15 October, 2001)
   
Reconnaissance Flight Track and AVHRR Image
   
Convair Reconnaissance Aircraft
   
Photo of Storm Clouds SW of storm centre
Aircraft Reconnaissance Study -
Hurricane Michael and TS Karen

Jim Abraham, Chris Fogarty, Walter Strapp (MSC/MRB)

Michael cross-sections  DROPSONDES MAP
Dropsondes 1-11
Dry Temperature     Relative Humidity      Horizontal Wind
Potential Temperature     Equivalent Potential Temperature
Vertical Velocity

Karen cross-sections 
DROPSONDES MAP
LEG 1 - Dropsondes 1-4, 6-11
Dry Temperature      Relative Humidity     Horizontal Wind
Potential Temperature     Equivalent Potential Temperature

LEG 2 - Dropsondes 13-19 
Dry Temperature      Relative Humidity    Horizontal Wind
Potential Temperature      Equivalent Potential Temperature
ET Forecast Training

Hurricane Michael Forecasting Exercise (COMET)
Forecaster Training Notes on Hurricanes and ET (pdf)
BMRC ET Forecasting Module

Schematic of an ET storm
Personal Information Links:
Weather Logbooks
   Career Timeline     CV
This site is operated by Chris Fogarty.  Last update 05 April 2008
Comments:
E-MAIL
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Weather Forecasting Site - NovaWeather
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Kerry Emanuel (external examiner) and I at Dalhousie University
after my PhD thesis Defence on March 3, 2006.

Richard Greatbatch (PhD supervisor) and I after the
graduation ceremony on May 29, 2006
PhD Project: Numerical modeling and
analysis of hurricanes moving into the
mid-latitudes


Project Proposal - (finalized 28 May 2004)
PhD Thesis - final version (20 March 2006)
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Hurricane Juan
CTRL = control run using observed  SST
CLIM = run with climatology SST

Simulations of Hurricanes using the MC2 and JMA-type
synthetic vortex initialization:


SST analysis with storm track (late Sept/03)
SST analysis (valid 27 Sept - used in model)   zoom-in
SST climatology (valid 28 Sept, Geshelin et al.)  
SST anomaly    detailed VIEW with track

MC2 model grid configuration

Model simulations of SLP and 10-m winds:
      Animations: 
CTRL   CLIM * NOBOG (no bogus)
      Near Landfall: 
CTRL    CLIM     COMPARE
       Simulated SWATHS of maximum winds
      Wind shear 10m to 200m layer:
SHEAR
       
CTRL, CLIM and best track (BT) PLOTS
     MSLP, MSW and SST TRACES
    
Comparison between CTRL and CLIM
total rainfall
Animation of CTRL
rain rate
Cross-sections from model and dropsondes:
4-panel
Model animations of theta-e:    850 mb    500 mb
Cross sections of theta-e (CTRL and CLIM)
Latent Heat Fluxes:  12HR   19HR
Results of ensemble experiments

Fictitious run with 26C SST up to Nova Scotia coast:
Tracks    Traces     Landfall

See the
Hurricane Juan page for verifying data

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Hurricane Michael
Full storm track and SST
Grid configurations
Tracks/SST composite - 12km runs
Tracks/SST composite -
3km runs
SST anomaly
Control bogus
Plots of results

Animations:
   
SLP and 60-m winds (12-km control run with bogus)
   
SLP and 60-m winds (12-km run without bogus)
   
850-mb theta-e with SLP (3-km control run)
   
500-mb theta-e with SLP (3-km control run)
   
Rain rate (3-km control run)

Model Output:   
   
Time series: theta-e
   Compare 24HR progs
   19Z SLP/surface winds    19Z SLP/surface temp
   Landfall SLP/wind
   Ensembles: storm tracks    SLP/MSW traces

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Hurricane Karen
 
Storm Track with SST
   SST anomaly for 14 Oct 2001
   grid configurations
Model Output:
   Simulated tracks:  
12km run    3km run
  
Time series of simulated MSLP/MSW/storm-center SST
  
SLP and cumulative rainfall animation
   Impact of vortex insertion (PPT)
   Pre-landfall SLP and rainfall pattern
  
Pre-landfall SLP and wind pattern
   Theta-e at 950mb (3km run)
  
Theta-e at 500mb (3km run)
   Rainfall comparison (different convective schemes)
   
Rainfall comparison (different cloud microphysics)

Summary of numerical guidance:    TRACKS    INTENSITY

Karen pre-landfall SLP/Wind

[CTRL vs run with Juan-SST: SST difference (JUAN-KAREN
)]
Results initializing Karen at CATs 2 and 3 intensity

[CTRL was CAT1: 70 kt, 982 mb]


Ensembles:   storm tracks    SLP/MSW traces

[PROJECT DIRECTORY]
Fogarty, C. T., R. J. Greatbatch, and H. Ritchie, 2007: The use of a vortex insertion technique to simulate the extratropical
      transition of Hurricane Michael (2000).
Wea. and Forecasting, 22, 480-500.

Fogarty, C. T., R. J. Greatbatch, and H. Ritchie, 2006: The role of anomalously warm sea surface temperatures on the intensity of
      Hurricane Juan (2003) during its approach to Nova Scotia.
Mon. Wea. Rev., 134, 1484-1504.

Fogarty, C. T., and J. R. Gyakum, 2005: A study of extratropical transition in the western North Atlantic Ocean, 1963-1996. 
    
Atmosphere-Ocean, 43(2), 173-191.

Jones, D., and C. T. Fogarty, 2005: The acoustic heartbeat of Hurricane Juan.
Acous. Res. Letters Online - J. of the Acous. Soc.
      of Amer.
6(2), 85-91.

Abraham, J., W. Strapp, C. T. Fogarty, and M. Wolde, 2004: Extratropical transition of Hurricane Michael: An aircraft investigation.
    
Bul. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 85, 1323-1339.

Fogarty, C. T., 2004: Aircraft data from rapidly-moving Hurricane Juan south of Nova Scotia. Preprints,
26th Conf. on Hurricanes
      and Tropical Meteorolog
y, 3-7 May 2004, Miami Beach, FL, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 166-167.

Fogarty, C. T., 2004: Why did a category-2 hurricane hit Nova Scotia?: An explanation of the unusual intensity of Hurricane Juan.
    
Canadian Meteor. and Oceanogr. Soc. Bul., 32(2), 41-42.

Ma, S., H. Ritchie, J. R. Gyakum, J. Abraham, C. T. Fogarty, and R. McTaggart-Cowan, 2003: A study of the extratropical
      reintensification of former Hurricane Earl using Canadian Meteorological Centre regional analyses and ensemble forecasts.
Mon.
      Wea. Rev
., 131, 1342-1359.

Fogarty, C. T., 2002: Hurricane Michael, 17-20 October, 2000: Part I - Summary report and storm impact on Canada.  Part II -
      Forecast and warning critique.  Meteorological Service of Canada, Atlantic Region Science Report Series 2002-01, 35 pp.
      [Available online at http://projects.novaweather.net/Hurricane_Michael_files/Michael_MSC.pdf].

Fogarty, C. T., 2002: Operational forecasting of extratropical transition. Preprints,
25th Conf. on Hurricanes and Tropical Meteorology,
      29 April - 3 May 2002, San Diego, CA, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 491-492.

Abraham, J., C. T. Fogarty, and W. Strapp, 2002: Extratropical transition of Hurricanes Michael and Karen: Storm reconnaissance with
      the Canadian Convair 580 aircraft. Preprints, 25th Conf. on Hurricanes and Tropical Meteorology, 29 April - 3 May 2002, San
      Diego, CA, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 497-498
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Publications
Upcoming Meetings/Conferences in 2008
Interdepartmental Hurricane Conference, Charleston, SC, March 3-7
28th Biannual AMS Tropical Conference, Orlando, Florida:  April 28 - May 2
Forecasters Workshop on Extratropical Transition, Madrid, Spain (invited) - May 6-11
CMOS Conference, Kelowna, BC: May 25-29
ET of Tropical Storm Ophelia
Storm track with SST
DAY 1 - SEPT 16:            SST (16/00Z)
VIS SAT PIC:  16/1940
RADAR:   16/1800 (NOWRAD)     Newport SKEW-T (12Z)
42RF mission:
    
DROPSONDES:     MAP    TABLE
       WSPD:       2-6     9-12      12-18
       THETAE:  
2-6     9-12      12-18
       RELH:       
2-6     9-12      12-18

DAY 2 - SEPT 17:            SST (16/00Z)
VIS SAT PICS:  
17/1525    17/2015       
RADAR:   
17/2230
42RF mission:
   
  DROPSONDES:      MAP    TABLE
       WSPD:        
1-5     5-11     13-18
       THETAE:    
1-5     5-11     14-18
       RELH:         
1-5     5-11     14-18

CHC Storm Summary              (operational summary)
AOML page on Ophelia
Aerosonde Flight - Sept 16

Synoptic-scale analyses (HH/DD UTC):
SFC:         
00/16     06/16     18/16      00/17     06/17     12/17      18/17      00/18
500 HT:    
00/16     12/16      00/17     12/17     00/18
500 RH:    
18/16     06/17      18/17

Rainfall analysis (courtesy of David Roth - HPC)
HURRICANE KATRINA SIMULATIONS (MC2)

Animations (3km run):   SLP      40-m wind speed        Rain rate
                       (1km run):    SLP      40-m wind speed        Rain rate
                                      Surface temperature

pre-storm
SST      post-storm SST       change in SST    Anomaly

12-km tracks       3-km tracks
Graphs of results

Simulated rainfall compared with observations
Contact Info
Canadian Hurricane Centre
45 Alderney Drive
Dartmouth, Nova Scotia, Canada
B2Y 2N6